Differential phase shift keying is a no coherent form of phase shift keying which avoids the need for a coherent reference signal at the receiver. No coherent receivers are easy and cheap to build, and hence are widely used in wireless communications. In DPSK system, the input binary sequence is first differentially encoded and then modulated using a BPSK modulator.
Fig 1: Block diagram of DPSK transmitter
A block diagram of a DPSK transmitter as shown in fig -1.It consists of a one bit delay element and logic circuit interconnection so as to generate the differentially encoded sequence from the input binary sequence. The output is passed through a product modulator to obtain the DPSK signal. At the DPSK receiver, the original sequence is recovered from the demodulated differentially encoded signal through a complementary process, as shown in fig-2.
fig 2: Block diagram of DPSK receiver
While DPSK signaling has the advantage of reduced receiver complexity, its energy efficiency is inferior to that of coherent PSK by about 3 dB. The average probability of error for DPSK in additive white Gaussian noise is given by,
Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) is a general type of phase modulation that conveys data by changing the phase of the carrier wave. As for BPSK and QPSK there is an uncertainty of phase if the constellation is rotated by some effect in the communications channel during which the signal passes. This problem can be overcome by using the data to change rather than set the phase.
For a signal that has been differentially encoded, there is an evident option method of demodulation. Instead of demodulating as usual and ignoring carrier-phase uncertainty, the phase between two consecutive received symbols is compared and used to verify what the data must have been. When differential encoding is used in this mode, the scheme is known as differential phase-shift keying (DPSK).
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